SEBI Monthly Bulletin

October1998







SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA





TRENDS IN PRIMARY MARKET
 
 
 
 

The resources mobilised from the primary market in the first seven months of the current financial year(April-October 1998) was about 19 per cent higher at Rs 2688.77 crore than the amount of Rs 2264.14 crore raised during the same period of previous year. So far 34 issues has been made in the current financial year which is less than half of the number of issues made during the same period of previous year, implying a significant increase in the number of issues of larger size during the current financial year compared to same period last year. Seventy six per cent of the capital raised in the first seven months of the current financial year however was on account of two financial institutions alone namely ICICI and IDBI which made five large issues to raise Rs 2050 crore.
 
 

Status of Offer Documents
 
 

During the first seven months of the current financial year (April 1998 to October 1998), the SEBI received 34 offer documents for an amount of Rs.1008.08 crore and cleared 36 issues amounting to Rs. 1436.48 crore against 77 offer documents received for Rs 3055.69 crore and 71 offer documents for Rs 2083.41 crore cleared during April - October 1997. The decline in offer documents received and cleared is an indication of low investment activity in primary market in future.
 
 

Table 1: Status of Offer Documents(Amount in Rs Crore)
 
Apr.'98 - Oct.'98
Apr.'97 - Oct.'97
October '98
October '97
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
Received
34
1008.08
77
3055.69
05
55.92
12
945.88
Cleared
36
1436.48
71
2083.41
04
183.61
09
264.89

Source: SEBI
 
 

During October 1998, the SEBI received 5 offer documents amounting to Rs 55.92 crore comparing with 12 offer documents amounting to Rs 945.88 crore during the same month in 1997 showing a steep decline of 94.09 per cent. During the month under review, 4 offer documents amounting to Rs 183.61 crore were cleared comparing with 9 offer documents amounting to Rs 264.89 crore cleared during the previous month showing a decrease of 30.68 per cent in value terms.
 
 

Capital Raised
 
 

As regards capital raised in October, 1998, 2 issues for raising Rs 409.84 crore opened as compared with 5 issues for Rs 422.92 crore during the same month of previous year indicating a decline of 3.09 per cent in mobilisation of resources. During April-Oct 1998, there were 34 issues opened for collecting Rs 2688.77 crore compared to 75 issues for Rs 2264.14 crore during the same period in 1997 with an increase of 18.75 per cent in value terms eventhough the number of issues showed a steep decline of 54.67 per cent.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Table 2: Capital Raised During 1998-99(Amount in Rs crore)
 
Apr.'98 - Oct.'98
Apr.'97 - Oct.'97
October '98
October '97
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
Public 
19
2443.76
46
877.96
01
400.00
04
413.03
Rights
15
245.01
29
1386.18
01
09.84
01
09.89
Total
0
0

Source: SEBI
 
 

The activity of rights issues has been on the low ebb during the current financial year so far. During April-October 1998, there were 15 rights issues for Rs 245.01 crore as compared to 29 issues for Rs 1386.18 crore during the same period of 1997. Monthly analysis of amount of capital mobilised reveals that after two consecutive months of low capital mobilisation(May-June 1998), there was a steep increase in the activity during July to October 1998.
 
 

Chart 1: Capital Raised through Public and Rights Issues During 1998-99
 
 
 
 

Table 3: Monthwise Capital Raised(Amount in Rs crore)
 
 
Apr.'98 - Oct.'98
Apr.'97 - Oct.'97
 
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
April
04
409.33
17
216.03
May
04
97.10
14
1104.06
June
05
100.39
21
124.94
July
06
365.52
08
173.89
August
04
333.08
07
193.88
September
09
973.51
03
28.42
October
02
409.84
05
422.92
Total

Source: SEBI

Large Issues
 
 

There were 5 large bond issues of Rs 2050 crore during April-October 1998, of which 3 issues each valuing at Rs.300 crore and one issue valuing at Rs 400 crore were issued by the ICICI amounted to Rs.1300 crore. The IDBI made an issue of Rs 750 crore. During the corresponding period in 1997, there were 7 issues of Rs 100 crore and above each amounting to Rs 1753.84 crore.
 
 

Table 4: Mega Issues During 1998-99
 
Name of the Company Type of

Issue

Type of

Instru.

Issuedate
Offersize

(Rs. in Cr.)

The Industrial Credit &

Invt.Corp.of India Ltd

Public Bonds
27/04/98
300.00
The Industrial Credit &

Invt.Corp.of India Ltd

Public Bonds
16/07/98
300.00
The Industrial Credit &

Invt.Corp.of India Ltd

Public Bonds
27/08/98
300.00
Industrial Development Bank of India Public Bonds
21/09/98
750.00
The Industrial Credit &

Invt.Corp.of India Ltd

Public Bonds
26/10/98
400.00
Total      
.00

Source: SEBI
 
 

Sizewise Analysis
 
 

During the month under review, the average size of the issue sharply increased to Rs 204.92 crore from Rs 84.58 crore for the corresponding month of previous year. The average amount raised per issue of Rs 79.08 crore during April-October 1998 was higher than the average of Rs 30.19 crore in April-October 1997.
 
 

Table 5: Sizewise Distribution of Issues Opened During 1998-99(Amount in Rs crore)
 
Size of the Issue
Apr.'98 - Oct.’98
Apr.'97 - Oct.'97
October '98
October '97
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
<5 cr.
10
21.27
39
93.25
00
0.00
02
01.55
=>5cr. <10cr.
03
21.84
19
129.61
01
09.84
01
9.89
=>10cr. <50cr.
10
201.83
09
227.92
00
0.00
00
0.00
=>50cr. <100cr.
06
393.83
01
59.52
00
0.00
00
0.00
=>100cr. <500cr.
04
1300.00
06
954.55
01
400.00
02
411.48
=>500 cr.
01
750.00
01
799.29
00
0.00
00
0.00
Total
0
0

Source: SEBI
 
 

Type-wise Issue Analysis
 
 

The listed companies share in the total capital mobilised for October 1998 was 409.84 crore compared with Rs 9.89 crore in October, 1997. Thus, the listed companies mobilised 100 per cent of total capital in October 1998. In 1997, listed companies mobilised only 2.34 per cent and the rest of the capital was raised by IPOs. For the first seven months of the current financial year, listed companies with Rs 2406.7 crore sharing 89.51 per cent of the total capital raised. During the same period, market received 11 IPOs amounting to Rs 282.07 crore comparing with 43 IPOs amounting to Rs 748.22 crore in the corresponding months of previous year. The lower amount mobilised through IPOs is an indication of slack in entry of new units in the economy.
 
 

Table 6:Type wise Break-up of Issues(Amount in Rs crore)
 
Apr.'98 - Oct.'98
Apr.'97 – Oct.'97
October '98
October '97
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
Listed
23
2406.70
32
1515.92
02
409.84
01
9.89
IPOs
11
282.07
43
748.22
00
0.00
04
413.03
Total
0
0

Source: SEBI
 
 
 
 

Chart 2: Type of Issues During 1998-99


 
 

Sectorwise Analysis
 
 

Sector Wise analysis reveals that only private sector companies raised capital in October 1998 while in October 1997 public sector was also active. During April-October 1998, the market witnessed 31 issues of private sector amounting to Rs 2585.45 crore comparing with 69 issues for Rs 1778.6 crore during April-October 1997. The resources raised by the other two sectors during the current financial year were insignificant.
 
 
 
 
 
 

Table 7: Sector wise Breakup of Issues Opened During 1998-99(Amount in Rs crore)
 
Sector
Apr.'98 - Oct.'98
Apr.'97 - Oct.'97
October '98
October '97
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
Private
31
2585.45
69
1778.60
02
409.84
03
11.44
Joint
02
33.02
03
31.11
00
0.00
00
0.00
Public
01
70.30
03
454.43
00
0.00
02
411.48
Total
0
0

Source: SEBI
 
 

Appraisal Status
 
 

In October 1998, there was 1 unappraised issue aggregating to Rs 400.00 crore whereas in October 1997, there were 4 unappraised issues amounting to Rs 422.67 crore. During April-October 1998, there were 23 unappraised issues (67.65 per cent of the total number of issues) amounting to Rs. 2440.08 crores (90.77 per cent of the total amount raised) during the current period as compared to 53 issues (70.67 per cent of the total number of issues) amounting to Rs.1089.01 crores (48.10 per cent of the total amount raised) in the corresponding period last year. Out of 34 issues that entered the market in the current period, 23 were self-appraised, 1 was appraised by a bank, 2 were appraised by the financial institutions and 8 were appraised by the developmental financial institutions.
 
 

Table 8: Project Appraisal Status(Amount in Rs crore)
 
Apr.'98 - Oct.'98
Apr.'97 - Oct.'97
October '98
October '97
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
Appraised
11
248.69
22
1175.13
01
09.84
01
0.25
Unappraised
23
2440.08
53
1089.01
01
400.00
04
422.67
Total
0
0

Source: SEBI
 
 

Region wise Distribution Analysis
 
 

Regionwise distribution of capital raised in October 1998 reveals(table-9), that there has been an increase in the capital raised in the western and northern regions over the same month of 1997. However, there was no issue from eastern and sourthern regions during the month under review comparing with northern region’s nil position during the same month in 1997. The western region witnessed only one issue but in terms of value there was a steep increase of 271.3 per cent.
 
 

Table 9: Region wise Distribution of Capital Raised(Amount in Rs crore)
 
Region
Apr.'98 - Oct.’98
Apr.'97 - Oct.'97
October '98
October '97
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
Northern
09
169.31
10
104.42
01
09.84
00
0.00
Eastern
04
128.87
20
995.00
00
0.00
02
11.19
Western
16
2272.89
33
580.41
01
400.00
02
107.73
Southern
05
117.70
12
584.31
00
0.00
01
304.00
Total
0
0

Source: SEBI
 
 

During April-October 1998, of the 34 companies which raised capital from the market, 16 belonged to western region followed by 9 issues from northern region, 5 and 4 issues from southern and eastern regions respectively. In terms of value, the western region shared 84.53 per cent of the total capital mobilised during April-October 1998 compared with 25.63 per cent during the corresponding period of the previous year.
 
 

Chart 3: Region wise Distribution of Capital Raised

Industry wise Analysis
 
 

Industry wise details of capital raised from the primary market are presented in Table 10. The analysis reveals that banking and financial institutions with Rs 400.00 crore accounted for 97.60 per cent of the total amount of capital raised from the market during October 1998.
 
 

Table 10: Industry wise Capital Raised(in Rs crore)
 
Industry
Apr.'98 - Oct.’98
Apr.'97 - Oct.’97
October '98
October '97
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
Banking / FIs
09
2266.00
02
448.38
01
400.00
01
304.00
Cement & Const.
02
32.18
04
15.76
00
0.00
00
0.00
Chemical
02
36.50
04
196.69
00
0.00
00
0.00
Electronic
02
88.36
02
44.05
00
0.00
01
9.89
Engineering
02
2.31
05
61.81
00
0.00
00
0.00
Finance
04
22.52
18
69.33
00
0.00
00
0.00
Food Processing
02
21.10
02
70.16
00
0.00
00
0.00
Health Care
00
0.00
05
23.55
00
0.00
00
0.00
Info. Tech.
00
0.00
01
8.51
00
0.00
00
0.00
Metal
02
3.51
05
811.57
00
0.00
00
0.00
Mining
01
20.40
01
107.48
00
0.00
01
107.48
Misc.
02
7.50
14
139.79
00
0.00
01
1.30
Packaging
00
0.00
02
4.96
00
0.00
01
0.25
Power
01
13.10
00
0.00
00
0.00
00
0.00
Telecommn.
00
0.00
01
5.07
00
0.00
00
0.00
Textile
04
121.54
05
208.50
01
09.84
00
0.00
Tourism
00
0.00
02
28.10
00
0.00
00
0.00
Transport
01
53.75
02
20.43
00
0.00
00
0.00
Total
0
0

Source: SEBI

Textile industry occupied second position by mobilising the balance capital of Rs 9.84 crore in October 1998 whereas in October 1997, it did not enter the market at all. During the first seven months of 1998-99, banking and financial institutions with 9 issues amounting to Rs 2266.00 crore shared 84.28 per cent of total capital mobilised. The increase in number of issues as well as amount was dispersed over a large number of industry groups during the first seven months of current year which would suggest there has been an all-round pick up in the economic activity with better expectations.
 
 

Instrument wise Analysis
 
 

Instrument wise details of capital raised indicate that during October 1998 bond issue accounted for 97.6 per cent of total resources mobilised followed by equity issues. During the corresponding month of previous year, premium equity issues dominated the market accounting for 97.29 per cent of the mobilised capital. During the current financial period so far, funds raised through bond issues were the highest at 76.24 per cent followed by equity at 19.17 per cent whereas during the corresponding period of 1997.funds raised through equity issues were the highest with 47.63 per cent closely followed by OFCDs with 40.22 per cent. Thus fixed income instruments are getting priority in the order of preference of investors
 
 

Table 11: Instrumentwise Distribution of Capital Raised(Amount in Rs crore)
 
Type of Instrument
Apr.'98 - Oct.'98
Apr.'97 - Oct.'97
October '98
October '97
No. Amount No. Amount No. Amount No. Amount
Equity - par
13
152.94
49
211.14
01
09.84
03
11.44
- premium
11
362.42
20
1078.47
00
0.00
02
411.48
CCPS
02
37.21
00
0.00
00
0.00
00
0.00
FCDs
03
71.33
04
63.92
00
0.00
00
0.00
Bonds
05
2050.00
00
0.00
01
400.00
00
0.00
OFCDs (Optnlly. 
00
0.00
03
910.61
00
0.00
00
0.00
Fully Convt. Debt)
& OFCDDs (Op. Fully
Convt. Discntd. Debt.)
OCCPS (Op. Convt. 
01
14.87
00
0.00
00
0.00
00
0.00
Cumm. Pref. Shares)
Total
0
0

Source: SEBI

Notes: 1-Optionally Fully Convertable Debentures

2- Optionally Convertable Cumulative Preference Shares

Note: Number of issues counted on the basis of instrument i.e. if a company has offered more than one instrument, they have been counted as a separate issue.
 
 

Underwriting
 
 

As regards underwriting activity, one public issue of Rs 400.00 crore was not underwritten in October 1998 while in the corresponding month in 1997, 4 issues were opened amounting to Rs 413.03 crore out of which three issues were not underwritten. During April-October 1998, out of 19 issues only 4 issues were underwritten with Rs 140.22 crore forming 5.74 per cent of the total capital raised whereas during the same period in 1997, 7 out of 46 issues were underwritten with Rs 274.73 crore, a share of 31.29 per cent. The contraction in underwriting activities suggest that the proportion of quality issues is increasing with adequate response from investors.

Table 12: Trends in Underwriting(Amount in Rs crore)
 
Public Issues
Apr.'98 - Oct.'98
Apr.'97 - Oct.'97
October ‘98
October '97
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
No.
Amount
Underwritten
04
140.22
07
274.73
00
0.00
01
107.48
Not underwritten
15
2303.54
39
603.23
01
400.00
03
305.55
Total
0
.00
0

Source: SEBI
 
 

As per the data available with SEBI as on November 02, 1998 from the post-issue reports from lead managers, there were 3 issues amounting to Rs.188.43 crore for the period April ’97 to October ’97 that were undersubscribed. However, later on they were subscribed. During the period April ’98 to October ’98 the number of issues undersubscribed increased to 6 valued at Rs.107.87 crore, out of which 4 issues were later on subscribed.
 
 
 
 

TRENDS IN SECONDARY MARKET
 
 

Index Movement
 
 

The equity market witnessed volatility of lower order in the month of October, 98. The magnitude of volatility declined from 5.26 per cent in June to 1.93 per cent in October 1998. The reduction in index instability may be the result of volatility measures taken by the SEBI. The Natex, S&P CNX Nifty and CNX Junior Nifty also witnessed decline in volatility providing support to BSE Sensex movement. The BSE sensex which opened at 3036.15 as on October 5, 1998, closed at 2812.49 as on October 13, 1998 recording a fall of about 224 points or 7.7 per cent over the month, whereas BSE 100 during the same period registered a fall of 109 points. The sensex reached the high at 1356.87 as on October 30, 1998 and the lowest at 1227.06. During the month under review, equity index varied either way with a falling trend.
 
 

The sensex after firming up persistently between October 5, 1998 and October 7, 1998 from 2878.08 to 3008.63 dived to 2896.14 as on October 8, 1998 and thereafter consistently reached as low as 2764.16 as on October 20, 1998 before rising to 2895.84 as on October 27, 1998. As regards S&P CNX Nifty, it opened at 904.75 as on October 5, 1998 and closed at 824.0 as on October 31, 1998 reflecting a fall of lower than that of BSE Sensex. The trend in equity prices in the month of October was dominated by the heavy selling pressure of FIIs. The developments in the equity market have shown that the fundamentals did not determine the equity prices during the month under review.
 
 

Deliveries and Turnover
 
 

The average daily turnover at NSEIL and The Stock Exchange, Mumbai was Rs 1435 crore and Rs 1243 crore respectively. It shows an increase of 9.14 per cent at NSEIL and a decline of 8.58 per cent at The Stock Exchange, Mumbai which was due to the inclusion of muhurat trading which was only for a short period. The daily turnover at The Stock Exchange, Mumbai reached a high of Rs 1768.45 crore on October 6, 1998 and a low of Rs 213.19 crore on October 19, 1998 during the muhurat trading. At NSEIL, a high of Rs 2100.31 crore registered on October 8, 1998 and a low of Rs 365.93 crore on October 31, 1998 during special trading seassion to test the disaster site efficiency at Pune.
 
 

The delivery statistics did not show much change over the previous month and stayed at 16.99 at The Stock Exchange, Mumbai and 14.89 per cent at NSEIL. The delivery ratio at The Stock Exchange, Mumbai has been continuously increasing and has been higher than NSEIL since May 1998. The all India market capitalisation rose by 3.19 per cent during September 1998 over August 1998.
 
 

Ratio Analysis
 
 

Price earning ratio moved in tandem with equity prices. The fall in equity index depressed Price Earning (PE) ratio, which after rising from 10.41 as on October 5, 1998 to 10.88 as on October 7, 1998 declined gradually to 10.00 as on October 20, 1998 and further to 9.83 as on October 30, 1998 reflecting positive relationship with the movement of index. The PE ratio though lower for BSE 100 moved in the same direction as indicated by sensex PE ratio. The price to book ratio of Natex was very low at 1.32 signaling that the medium capitalised stocks were poorly discounted in the market. The Price to book ratio of sensex stocks was hovering at 1.89 and the yield stood at 2.11 for SENSEX and 2.56 for NATEX.
 
 

As regards the turnover, on the BSE it did not show encouraging trend for the month under review. The total turnover for October for the BSE was Rs.22369.58 crore amounting to Rs.1242.75 crore per day. The turnover in case of dematerialised scripts aggregated Rs.166.8 crore or Rs.9.3 crore per day.
 
 
 
 

Chart 4: Volatility of Major Indices
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Table 13: Volatility of Major Indices(in %age)
 
Month Sensex Natex S&P CNX Nifty CNX Junior Nifty
Jan-98
4.83
4.74
4.67
4.02
Feb-98
2.62
2.70
2.97
3.98
Mar-98
2.30
2.60
2.02
4.03
Apr-98
2.17
2.36
1.96
6.04
May-98
3.24
2.93
3.09
2.93
June-98
5.26
5.92
5.11
7.72
July-98
3.45
3.25
3.12
3.89
August-98
2.66
2.26
2.57
1.84
Sept-98
3.21
2.91
3.10
2.16
Oct-98
1.93
1.89
1.81
2.54

 
 
 
 
 

Table 14 : Sensex Movement During October 1998
 
Date Open 
High
Low
Close
H-L Variation (%)
PE Ratio
PB Ratio
Yield

(%)

5/10/98 3036.15
3036.15
2877.92
2878.07
5.50
10.41
1.75
2.28
6/10/98 2873.97
2919.74
2820.77
2919.74
3.51
10.56
1.77
2.24
7/10/98 2940.13
3010.65
2939.62
3008.63
2.42
10.88
1.83
2.18
8/10/98 3029.10
3045.54
2896.14
2896.14
5.16
10.47
1.76
2.26
9/10/98 2916.34
2960.82
2885.67
2916.66
2.60
10.55
1.77
2.25
12/10/98 2914.50
2926.25
2850.50
2872.48
2.66
10.39
1.74
2.28
13/10/98 2849.10
2865.24
2785.41
2832.03
2.87
10.24
1.72
2.31
14/10/98 2831.27
2909.43
2799.00
2890.72
3.95
10.45
1.76
2.27
15/10/98 2875.06
2895.28
2848.55
2857.27
1.64
10.33
1.73
2.29
16/10/98 2889.70
2895.57
2837.98
2848.11
2.03
10.30
1.73
2.30
19/10/98 2860.94
2871.71
2848.11
2853.27
0.83
10.32
1.73
2.30
20/10/98 2845.86
2845.86
2753.34
2764.16
3.36
10.00
1.68
2.37
23/10/98 2757.04
2798.88
2741.22
2784.46
2.10
10.07
1.69
2.35
26/10/98 2908.51
2922.32
2878.98
2889.71
1.51
10.10
1.72
2.26
27/10/98 2891.36
2895.90
2856.32
2895.84
1.39
10.12
1.72
2.26
28/10/98 2913.62
2913.62
2832.95
2833.04
2.85
9.90
1.69
2.31
29/10/98 2825.46
2845.51
2787.90
2845.16
2.07
9.95
1.69
2.30
30/10/98 2844.15
2862.31
2812.49
2812.49
1.77
9.83
1.67
2.32

Source:BSE
 
 
 
 
 
 

Table 15: National Index Movement During October 1998
 
Date Open 
High
Low
Close
H-L Variation (%)
PE Ratio
PB Ratio
Yield (%)
5/10/98 1356.87
1356.87
1284.07
1284.28
5.67
9.53
1.22
2.76
6/10/98 1282.40
1302.85
1259.61
1302.85
3.43
9.67
1.24
2.72
7/10/98 1310.93
1343.70
1310.92
1343.11
2.50
9.97
1.28
2.64
8/10/98 1351.13
1357.05</